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初二英语知识点:人教版初二上册的英语知识点归纳

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小编:人教版初二上册的英语知识点归纳 初二英语知识点温习 1. take:拿走 takesb./sth.tosomeplace; takesth.withyou bring:带来 bringsthforapicnic Itsgoingtorain,pleasetakeanumbrellawithyou. Youdbetterfinishyourhomeworktodaya

  人教版初二上册的英语知识点归纳

  初二英语知识点温习

  1.

  take:拿走

  takesb./sth.tosomeplace;

  takesth.withyou

  bring:带来

  bringsthforapicnic

  It’sgoingtorain,pleasetakeanumbrellawithyou.

  You’dbetterfinishyourhomeworktodayandbringittoschooltomorrow.

  2.

  keep+名词+形容词

  Keepthewindowsopen,it’shothere.

  keepsbdoingsth

  I’msorryI’vekeptyouwaitingforalongtime.

  keep表示借用于和一段日期连用:

  HowlongcanIkeepthisbook?

  3.

  let/make/havesbdosth

  让(使)某人干某事

  Let’sgotothezoo!

  Howdidhemakethebabystopcrying?

  4.

  forgettodosth

  忘怀去做某事

  remembertodosth

  记得去做某事

  forgetdoingsth忘怀做过某事

  rememberdoingsth

  记得做过某事

  5.

  stoptodosth

  停下来做另一件事情

  stopdoingsth

  停止正在做的事情

  stopsbfromdoingsth

  禁止某人干某事

  Let’sstoptohaveatest,it’stoohottoday.

  Whentheteachercameintotheclassroom,thestudentsstoppedtalking.

  Weplanttreestostopthewindfromblowingtheearthaway.

  begin/start

  todosth

  6.

  tell/asksbtodosth

  抵赖形式tell/asksbnottodosth.

  Policemenaskedusnottoplayontheroad,itwastoodangerous.

  OurP.E.teachertoldusastory

  yesterday.

  7.

  see/hear/watchsbdosth

  see

  /hear/

  watchsbdoingsth

  IheardhimsingingintheroomwhenIpassedby.

  8.

  enjoysth;enjoydoingsth;

  enjoyoneself=haveagoodtime

  OurclassmateswenttothezoolastSunday.Theyenjoyedthemselves.

  9.

  bebusywithsth

  ;

  bebusydoingsth

  Theyareallbusywiththeirwork.

  10.

  finishdoingsth.

  Tomdidn’tgotobeduntilhefinishedwritingthecomposition.

  11.

  want

  sth

  /

  todosth

  /

  sbtodosth

  wouldlike

  sth

  /

  todosth

  /

  sbtodosth

  feellikedoingsth.

  Hedidn’tfeellikeeatinganything.

  12.

  hadbetterdosth

  抵赖形式:

  hadbetternotdosth

  You’dbetternotsinghere,thebabyisasleep.

  13.

  Whynotdosth?

  =

  whydon’tyoudosth?

  =

  Whydidn’tyoudosth?

  Whynotcomewithme?

  14.

  Whataboutsth

  /

  whataboutdoingsth?

  =

  Howabout-----?

  Howaboutplayingbasketballwithus?

  15.

  Thankyouforsth/

  Thanksfordoingsth.

  Thanksforyourhelp.

  ------------

  It’sapleasure.

  Thanksverymuchforhelpingme.

  16.

  instead常常放在句首或句尾

  insteadofsth

  /

  insteadofdoingsth.

  日常放当中

  Hedidn’tgotothepark.Hewenttothecinemainstead.

  Hewenttothecinemainsteadofgoingtothepark..

  17.

  puton

  着重动作

  wear着重态势

  in介词,构成一个短词

  Putonyouroldclothestomorrow,becausewe’lldosomecleaning.

  Kateiswearingaredsweatertoday.

  ThemaninabluesuitisMr.Li

  18.

  在if引导的

  、以when,before,after,assoonas引导的

  ,当主句是:

  态、含

  

  的状况下,从句用

  表示未来时。

  We’llgohikingifitdoesn’traintomorrow.

  itdoesn’train

  =

  itisn’trainy

  I’lltellherthegoodnewsassoonasIseeher.

  同样的状况还实用于not----until句型

  Iwon’tgotobeduntilIfinishmyhomework.

  19.

  在以when

  引导的日期

  ,当从句是

  态时,主句常常用

  ,表示在先前的某一时刻正在缔造或正在进行的动作:

  TheywerehavingsupperwhenIgottotheirhome.

  20.

  It’stimeforsth/

  It’stimetodosth/

  It’stimeforsbtodosth.

  It’stimeforustostartourlessonnow.

  21.

  Ittakes/

  Ittook/

  Itwilltake

  somebodysometimeto

  .

  Ittookthemtwentyminutestofinishthecleaning.

  Itwilltakeusabouttenhourstofinishourhomework.

  22.

  it作

  

  ,其真实的主语或宾语是后面带to的

  :

  It’snecessarytolearnEnglishwell.

  Wefounditdifficulttoworkoutthemathsproblems.

  23.

  too----

  to句型,

  too----forsbto

  dosth----,对某人来说太-----以致于不能-----

  Theapplesonthe

  tree

  aretoohighformetoreach.

  Kateistooyoungtogotoschool.

  24.

  enough用法:形前名后,bigenough

  ;

  enoughfood

  -----enoughtodosth

  足够-------能够-------

  Jimisoldenoughtogotoschool.

  25.

  little,alittle装点

  ;

  much装点不可数

  fewafew装点可数名词;

  many装点可数

  alittle

  afew占有评判含意littlefew占有抵赖含意

  some,any,alotof=lotsof既能够装点不可数,也能够装点可数名词;

  There

  isalittletimeleft,

  .

  We’dbettergoshopping,therearefeweggsleft.

  Mr.Littledoesn’thavemuchmoney.(

  中常用much而不用alotof)

  26.

  muchtoo心脏词是too,常装点形容词,

  It’smuchtoocoldtoday,

  weshouldwearwarmclothes.

  toomuch心脏词是much,常装点不可数名词,

  There’stoomuchwater,

  pleasebecareful..

  27.

  有关情态动词的问答:

  MayI------?

  No,youcan’t.

  No,youmustn’t.

  MustI/

  we

  -----?

  No,youneedn’t.

  要留神could和can的差别:could可表示语气的委婉,也表示先前的实力

  Couldyouhelpme?

  Couldsheswimwhenshewasfouryearsold?

  要留神must和haveto的差别:must着重主观,haveto着重客观

  要留神maybe和maybe的差别:maybe在句中作谓语

  Maybeit’shere.

  Itmaybehere.

  28.

  :someone,anyone;something,anything,nothing;somebody,anybody,nobody.

  Something常用于

  和表示哀求的疑问句中,anything用于抵赖句中和疑问句中,notanything=nothing

  ;

  withoutanything=

  withnothing

  Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat?

  I’dlikeChineseteawithnothinginit.

  形容词装点不定代词要放在不定代词后面:

  Bequiet!Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.

  Isthereanythinginterestingintoday’snewspaper?

  29.

  :myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves.

  要记住:一、二人称用物主,第三人称用

  ,复数self要变selves

  和反身代词有关的一些词组:enjoyoneself.

  =haveagoodtime.

  learnbyoneself,

  leaveonebyoneself

  Shehadtoteachhersonherself.

  Idon’tneedyourhelp,Icandoitmyself.

  30.

  形容词装点名词,副词装点动词:

  Whatastrongwind!

  It’sblowingstrongly.

  :be,feel,look,get,

  turn,taste,smell,become,

  +形容词作表语

  31.

  :What+a/an+形容词+可数名词的单数形式+主语+谓语!

  What+形容词+可数名词的复数形式/不可数名词+主语+谓语!

  How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语!

  Whatanicedayitis!

  Whatbeautifulflowerstheyare!

  Howhappilytheyareplaying!

  32.

  反意疑问句:要留神前肯后否,前否后肯,要用

  

  或情态动词来做,

  要留神抵赖词:never,little,few,hardly,nothing,nobody等

  祈使句的反意疑问句用:willyou?

  以Let’s开始的反意疑问句用:shallwe?

  Sheusuallygetsupatsix,doesn’tshe?

  There’slittlewaterinthebottle,isthere?

  Pleasetakethese

  bookstotheoffice,willyou?

  YouhaveneverbeentoNewYork,haveyou?

  33.

  形容词和副词的

  和最高级:要留神比拟级和最高级的构成:

  法度变换:要双写的:big,fat,thin,red,

  不法度变换:good,

  bad,

  far,

  ill,

  比拟级用在:than,

  alittle+,

  much+,

  最高级用在:

  ofall,ofthethree,inhisclass,intheworld等表示有范围的短语中,

  oneof+最高级+可数名词的复数

  34.

  以so引导的

  :表示-----也一样,也如此,先后主语要不一致,要穿越be动词、助动词、情态动词来做:

  Ireachedhomeat9:00,sodidmybrother.

  Canadianseatalotofbeef,sodoChinesepeople.

  35.

  either---or----,neither----nor----

  联结两个主语,谓语动词采纳

  

  Eitherof----或Neitherof------谓语动词用单数;

  Bothof

  ------或both

  ----and-----谓语动词用复数

  BothofthemareChinese.

  NeitherofthemisAustralian.

  NeitherJimnorIamAmerican.

  

  

  

  

  参考:

  

  

 

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  初二英语知识点归纳

  初二英语知识点综合

1单元 snake robot蛇形机器人
space station 太空站 seem possible 看起来或许
be able to = can 能够
the World Cup 世界杯 2单元
look for 寻找 keep out 不让……进去
in the future 在未来,在未来 pay for 付款
come true 成为的确 Teen Talk 青少年论坛
go skating 去滑冰 in style 时兴的,风行的
fall in love with… 爱上 out of style 过时的
hundreds of 好几百,许好多多 all kinds of 各种,多种
be free 免费 on the one hand 一方面
in 100 years 一百年后 on the other hand 另一方面
be in high school 上中学 as…as possible 尽或许…地
live alone 单独居住 =as…as sb can
go swimming 去游泳 get on with… 与…相处,进展
see sb do sth 目睹某人做… have a hair cut 理发
over and over again 顺次又顺次 part-time job 兼职工作
get bored 厌烦 call sb up=ring sb up 打电话给……
space rocket 太空火箭 on the phone 在通话
electric toothbrush电动牙刷 What’s the matter ? 怎么了?
computer programmer 电脑过程员 What’s wrong ? 怎么了?
live to be 200 years old 活到200岁 the same as… 与……同样的
(书上主要表白) complain about 怪罪……
will be… 将成为…… argue with… 与……吵架
study on computer 在电脑上学习 surprise sb 使…惊诧
as a reporter 作为一名记者 borrow from… 向……借
keep a pet 养一只宠物 lend to… 把…借给…
during the week 在一周其间 find out 发觉,找出
wear a suit 穿西装(制服) except me 除非我
at the weekend 在周末 do wrong 做错事
on vacation 在假期 under too much pressure 承受太多压力
predict the future 预料未来 take part in 插手
the head of a company 公司尽职人 compare …with… 把…和…比拟
need to do sth 必要做某事 (书上主要表白)
job interview 求职面视 enough money 足够的钱
science fiction movie 科幻电影 write sb a letter 给某人写信
just like… 就像…… a ball game 一场球赛
help with +名词 救助做某事 talk about… 谈论…话题
make sb do sth 使某人做…… say sorry to… 向…说对不起
It’s easy for sb to do sth 做某事很简单 have a bake sale 卖烤点
wake up 醒来 buy….for…. 为…买…
get a tuhtor 请家教 get out of the shower 洗完澡
be popular at school 在学校受迎候 sleep late 睡懒觉
everyone else 其他每一己 buy a souvenir 买纪念品
invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事 go into=enter 进去
fail the test 考试不达标 call the police 报警
return= give back 退还 at around ten o’clock 在十点左右
have a fight with… 同…大吵、打架 shop assistant 售货员
give some advice 提创议 the Museum of Flight 飞行博物馆
busy enough 足够忙 take a photo 照相
not…until 直到……才 walk around 遍地走走
nothing new 没什么新奇的 police officer 警官
seem to do sth 好象要做某事 a car accident 车祸
push a lot more 逼得更紧 event in history 历史事件
a mother of three 三个孩子的妈妈 in modern history 在现代史上
know about… 获悉,探听…… everyday activity 日常活动
find it+形容词 to do sth 发觉做某事很… at that time=then 在当初
think for oneself 为自己斟酌 ask sb to do sth 叫…做某事
plan the life 计划生活 in silence=silently 静默地
learn to do sth=study to do 学习做某事 be born 出生
a bit=a little 一点 have meaning to sb 对…有含义
organized activity 有组织的活动 national hero 民族英雄
by oneself 靠某人自己
after-school club 课外俱乐部 4单元
get over 胜利、恢复
3单元 sea level 海平面
come in 进来 Chinese Young Pioneer中国少年先锋队
World Trade Center 世界贸易心脏 do well in=be good at 在…方面擅长
as…as… 和……一样 pass on 递送
take place=happen 缔造 first of all 首先
hear about 听说 report card 业绩单
take off 起飞;脱下 in good health 身体康健
get out 出去,解脱 open up 敞开
barber shop 理发店 be supposed to 被期待,被要求
run away 窜逃,跑掉 care for 照看,照看
in front of 在…前面 senior high school 高中
in the front of 在…前部 the Ministry of Education教导部
walk down the street 沿着街走 be mad at=be angry at 对……很怄气
an unusual experience 顺次不日常经验 not…anymore 不再…
Beijing International Airport 北京国际机场 end-of-year exam 期末考试
in space 在太空中 have a favor 救助
all over the world 全世界 get nervous 变得急切
train station 火车站 disappointing result 令人失望的后果
(书上主要表白) copy one’s homework 抄袭作业
(书上主要表白) play party games 玩团聚游戏
have a surprise party 进行惊喜派对 study for the test 为考试温习
drinks and snacks 饮料和零食 ask sb to do sth 叫某人做某事
the next day 第二天 ID card 身份证
How is it going? 一切还好吗? travel around the world环球旅游
have a hard time with… 对…感到头痛 get an education 受教导
have a big fight 大吵一架 might seem like 好像好象……
forget to do sth 忘怀做… a dream job 志向的工作
It’s right for sb to do sth 做…是准确的 all over the world 全世界
start a bad habit 养成坏习性 make life difficult 使生活变得困难
poor mountain village 贫困山区 get injured 负伤
change one’s life 变换…的生活 have a difficult time doing sth 做某事很难
the peking University北京大学 real friend 真好友
rural area 农村地区 in fact 原形上
make sb feel sick 使某人不闲适 class party 班会
agree with… 赞同…… laugh at sb 耻笑某人
need to do sth 必要做某事 dye the hair 染发
three times a day 一日三次 past tense 先前时
school dormitory 学校校舍 watch out 端庄、端庄
outside world 外界
finish doing sth 完结做某事 6单元
volunteer teacher 志向者老师 by the way 顺便说一句
mother earth 地球母亲 far from… 距离…很边远
be in danger 在风险之中 run out of 用完,耗竭
more than=over 比…多;多于
5单元和1-5单元温习 be interested in… 对……感兴致
take away 拿走 the Olympic Games 奥运会
make a living 谋生 Hilltop School 山头学校
around the world 全世界 raise money for charity 为慈祥筹钱
all the time=always 总是,一直 a pair of skates 一双溜冰鞋
mobile phone移动电话,手机 go native 入境问俗
in order to… 为了…… do one’s best 尽某人最大努力
let in 允许进去 go together 匹配;谐和
remind …of… 使人想起…… let sb know 让某人获悉
be hurt badly 繁重负伤 inline skating 纵列式溜冰
make money 挣钱 probably=maybe=perhaps 或许
look up to 尊重 have sth done 做某事
charity event 慈祥事件 polar bear 北极熊
professional athlete 工作运动员 three and a half years 三年半
(书上主要表白)
wear jeans 穿牛仔裤 (书上主要表白)
take a bus to…… 坐公车去…… collect the stamps 集邮
help sb do sth 救助某人做…… skating marathon 滑冰马拉松
several=a few 几个 pay a big fine 赔款
be the first one to do sth 第一个做某事 throw away 扔掉
snow globe 雪球 argue about… 为……而吵架
anyone else 其他任何人 sell out 卖完
start a club 缔造一个俱乐部 five times the price 价格的5倍多
tell sb about… 告知某人关于某事 (书上主要表白)
fly a kite 放风筝 do the dishes 洗碗
music video 音乐录影带 look terrible 看起来很蹩脚
talent show 天才扮演 move the car 挪挪汽车
Heilongjiang Province黑龙江省 help…with 救助某人做某事
colorful history 多彩的历史 finish the task 完结使命
European influence 欧洲风格的波及 clothing store 服装店
in Russian style 俄罗斯风格 order a hamburger 预订个汉堡包
Song Emperor 宋朝皇帝 shop assistant 售货员
western history 西方历史 follow sb around=go after sb 跟着某人转
The more…, the more… 越…,就越…… English-speaking country 说英语的国度
learn about… 学习…… social behavior 社交行动
have problem with… 在…上有问题 be useful to do sth 做某事很有用
be close to… 逼近……
7单元 in all situations 在各种场所下
no problem 没问题 feel uncomfortable 感到不闲适
wait in line 排队期待 even if 即使,就算
keep…down 压低声响,使和缓 be with sb 和…在同时
pick up 捡起 It’s better to do sth 优良做某事
break the rule 违抗法度 public place 公共场所
take care=be careful 端庄,端庄 in public 在公共场所里
put out the cigarette 熄灭香烟 allow sb to do sth 允许某人做…
at first at last, finally 首先最后 see sb do sth 目睹某人做…
cut in line 插队 give sb a suggestion 给某人提创议
turn down 关小 take the suggestion 领受创议
not at all 大约不;一点也不 drop litter 扔草芥
Would you mind doing sth 你在意…吗?
Could you please do sth 请…好吗 8单元
turn on/off 开(关) fall asleep 入梦,睡着
right away =in a minute 立即 give away 赠送,分发
=at once make friends with sb 与……交好友
at a meeting 在开会 hear of… 听说……
hair stylist 发型师,整容师 the Olympics 奥运会
get annoyed 变得气恼 the Olympic Committee 奥委会
get married 结婚 take an interest in… 对……感兴致
get mad 变得激动 photo album 相册
get angry 变得怄气 rather than… 胜于;,不如
happen to sb 某人缔造某事 make progress 获取长进
these days=now 当前,当前 gone to… 已去某地
too…to… 太…以致于不能… get some exercise 锻炼
give up doing sth 摈弃做某事 It takes forty minutes 花了40分钟
give…to… 给某人…… Neither have I=me neither 我也不曾
stage manner 舞台台风 get to=reach=arrive in 抵达
native speaker 说本族语的人 take a lesson=have a lesson 上课
learn by heart 专注记住 (书上主要表白)
look up 查询 water park 水上乐园
for a while 暂时,一会儿 space museum 太空博物馆
an 80-year-old grandmother 一位80岁的外婆 take the subway 坐地铁
China Radio International 中国国际广播电台 Mickey mouse 米老鼠
(书上主要表白) Donald Duck 唐老鸭
get sb sth=buy sth for sb 给某人买…… Disney character 迪士尼卡通人物
How about=what about ……怎么样? theme park 主题公园
Why don’y you do sth? 为什么不做…呢 be themed with… 被冠以…主题
Why not do sth? (同上) walk around 遍地走走
special enough 足够奇特 Disney Cruise 迪士尼巡游
pot-bellied pig named Connie 取名叫科尼尔的猪 take a ride 搭乘……
eat a lot 吃得多 just like… 就像,正如
keep a pet 养宠物 take different route 走不同线路
pay for=spend for 为……付钱 exchange student 交流生
learn to do sth=study to do 学习做某事 flight attendant 空中乘务员
improve English 提高英语 language school 语言学校
enter a contest 插手竞赛 such as=for example 例如
as well as… 和……一样好 listening skill 听力技巧
age group 年岁组 Southeast Asia 东南亚
win the prize 博得奖金 take a holiday 度假
encourage sb to do sth 激发某人做某事 have problem doing sth 做某事有困难
have fun with… 做…很有兴致 foreign country 外国
find out 找出,发觉 during the daytime 在白天
find a way to do sth 找到做某事的办法 wake up 醒来,唤醒某人
be awake 醒着的
9单元 natural environment 大方环境
end up 完结 It’s best to do sth 做好做某事
on board 在船上 10单元
have a great time 玩得愉快 look through 浏览
amusement park 娱乐园 come along=appear 揭示,缔造
tour guide 导游 get along=get on with… 相处
three quarters 四分之三 at least at most 至少最多
Night Safari 夜间野生动物园 have a small talk=chat 闲扯
all year around 全年,一年到头 opening question 开场白问题
roller coaster 过山车 thank-you note 谢恩信
been to… 已经去过某地 cross the busy street 穿越繁忙的大街
have a wonderful time 过得愉快 show sb around 带某人观赏某地
be friendly to sb 对某人友好 show the way 指路
be happy to do sth 很愉快做某事 have a hard time doing 做某事很困难
invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事 make it easy to do sth 使做某事简捷
have a family dinner 家庭聚餐 go with sb 同某人同时去
look both side 看两边 win the game 博得竞赛
(书上主要表白) dining room 食堂、饭厅
Franklin Lake 弗兰克林湖 holiday job 假期短工
by noon 到中午之前 review=go over 温习
I hope so 但愿如此 opposite word 反义词
wait to do sth 等着做某事 decide to do sth 定夺做某事
baby sister=younger sister 妹妹 meet friends 碰面好友
feel like doing=want to do sth 想做某事

  

  初二下学期的知识点及英语学好的方法

  语法
1.句子的成分(Members of the Sentens)
句子的成分是指构成句子的各个部分,即:主语 谓语 表语 宾语 宾语补足语 定语 状语等
2.简单句的五种大约句型
1 S+V(主语+谓语) 2 S+V+O
They arrived. I miss you.
3.S+V+IO+DO(主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语)
She tells me jokes.
4.S+V+P(主语+系动词+表语)
Michael's mother sounded worried.
PS:系动词常见的有be;表示感受的look,seem,sound,smell,taste,feel等;表示变换的become,get,turn等。这些都能够构成主系表句子。
5.S+V+O+OC(主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语)
We should keep the classroom clean.
3.形容词与副词的比拟等级(Comparative and Superlative Degrees of Adjectives and Adverbs)
英语中的形容词与副词有三个等级,即原级,比拟级,和最高级。
1)原级
平凡来说,不存在任何比拟对象或进行同级比拟时用原级。
eg:Alan is a handsome boy.
原级的抵赖形式用"not asas"或许"not so..as"
eg:It is not so warm today as yesterday.
PS:在美式英语中通常用"not asas"
2)比拟级
常用比拟级+than"表示同类事物进行比拟,意为比更
eg:You're luckier than many people.
抵赖比拟级可用"not +比拟级+than"构造
eg:Our monitordidn't look healthier than you.
3)最高级
常用于the+最高级+比拟范围构造 比拟范围为短语或从句
eg:Helen is the shyest of them all.
一些形容词的抵赖最高级也可用the least+形容词"
eg:This article is the least important in the book"
2.副词比拟等级的大约用法
副词的比拟等级形式的变换与形容词打致相同,但未来缀-ly结尾的副词的比拟级和最高级大多在之前加上 more most
eg: hard harder hardest
fast faster fastest
early earlier earliest
quickiy more quickiy most quickiy
carefully more carefully most carefully
PS:early末尾的-ly并非后缀,故其比拟级和最高级不用more most
下列副词的比拟等级为不法度变换:
well better best
badly worse worst
much more most
far farther farthest
further furthest
副词比拟等级的用法与形容词比拟等级的用法根真相同
1)原级
Kangkang did very well in English.
2)比拟级
We work better and better than before.
3)最高级
Kangkang cuts most finely.

PS:比拟级前可用much,far,still,a litte,a bit,a lot,even等词语来装点,表示不同程度
eg:She played the piano much more wonderfully than you.
PS:the+比拟级,the+比拟级表示越,越
eg:The more regularly we eat,the healthier we are.
4.状语从句(Adverbial Clause)
在复合句中,装点主句的动词,形容词或副词的从句叫做状语从句。状语从句根据其用处可分为日期,条件,初二英语知识点:人教版初二上册的英语知识点归纳原因,后果,比拟,目的和撤退状语从句等,从句由从属连词引导。
1.日期状语从句
引导日期状语从句的从属连词有:when(当的时候);while(当的时候);before do ... . 回答 Good!
表达 4. It’s a good idea to do ... . Excellent!
方式 5. Try to do ... .
6. How about/ What about doing ... ?
二、重点句子
1. You should speak English in class.
2. You should write down your mistakes in your notebooks.
3. Why don’t you write down the correct spelling and grammar next to the mistakes?
4. How about listening to the radio or reading a newspaper in English?
5. Try not to translate every word.
6. Everyone should have a pen friend and write email messages to each other.
7. It’s a good idea to check your vocabulary notebook every day.
Module 2~4
现在完成时:
1. 过去发生或完成的动作对现在造成了一定的影响和后果;
2. 结构:由助动词have/has +动词的过去分词构成;
肯定句
现在完成时的肯定句式是have(has)+过去分词。
注意:该句式中的have或has是助动词,has用于第三人称单数,其它人称一律用have。
疑问句
现在完成时的一般疑问句式是把助动词have或has提到主语之前。
回答:Yes, … have(has).
No, … haven’t(hasn’t).
否定句:
现在完成时的否定句式是haven't(hasn't)+过去分词。
3. 现在完成时的时间状语:already, just, yet, since, ever, never;
4. 与一般过去时的区别:一般过去时是强调动作在过去发生,而现在完成时是强调过去发生的动作对 现在造成了影响和后果。
5.一般过去时的时间状语:yesterday, just now, …ago, last week, 2 years ago,in 1980等。
例:
We planted some flowers in the garden last week.
I have sent the letter.
He has come back home, he is watching TV now.
David finished his homework just now.
The monkeys are full, because we have fed them.
A: I have lost my purse!
B. Bad luck! When did you lose it?
A: I lost it last night.
与现在完成时连用的几个副词:already, just, ever, yet, never
肯定句: already, just
疑问句和否定句: ever, yet, never
yet 常置于句末
already, never, ever just一般置于助动词have/has之后,过去分词之前.
例:用 already, just或never, yet完成句子
1) I have been to many big cities, but I have never been to Shanghai.
2) Most of us have already finished our compositions.
3) Have they taken down the old pictures yet ? No, not yet .
4) He has already visited Beijing twice.
5) I have just heard the news. I know it.
7. 现在完成时中的for和since
(1)for + 一段时间(用How long提问)
We have known each other for ten years. 我们相识10年了。
(2)since + 句子/具体时间
since 引导的短语或从句用How long提问
①since+过去一个时间点(具体的年、月、日、钟点等)。
Tom has eaten nothing since yesterday.
②since + 一段时间+ago
We have been friends since five months ago. 从5个月前起,我们就成了朋友。
③since+从句,表示自过去某个时间、某件事情以来,从句时态:一般过去时。
I have lived here since I left Shanghai.
④It is+一段时间+since从句,表示自从某件事发生已有一段时间了。
It is two years since I left school.
8. 在含for或since引导的时间状语的现在完成时中,谓语动词只能用延续性动词。非延续性动词不能直接和for或since 连用。
leave --- be away die --- be dead
begin/start --- be on finish --- be over
come here --- be here go there --- be there
come back --- be back fall asleep --- be asleep
get to/ arrive/reach --- be leave --- be away from
go out --- be out open sth --- keep sth open
join --- be in+组织机构/be a member of+组织机构
fall ill --- be ill get up --- be up
catch a cold --- have a cold borrow --- keep
buy --- have get to know --- know
put on---wear
例:
1. The old man died 4 years ago.
The old man has been dead for 4 years.
2. It is 4 years since the old man died.
Four years has passed since the old man died.
3. He joined the Party 2 years ago.
He has been in the Party for 2 years.
4. I bought the book 5 days ago.
I have had the book for 5 days.

Module 5
反意疑问句:用于对某一事物或观点没有确切的把握,或者用于加强自己的观点。
陈述句+简短的一般疑问句 [助动词/be动词/情态动词+代词]

肯定或否定 与陈述句的主语一致
肯定 否定
否定 肯定
注意:
1. 反问部分的be动词,助动词或情态动词要与陈述句部分一致。
2. 陈述句与反问句在时态和人称上要一致。
3. 陈述句部分如果为否定句或含有否定意义的词(如:nothing,never, little, few等),反问句要用肯定式;陈述句部分如果式肯定句,反问部分要用否定式。
例:
He was not at home at that time, was he?
May listens to pops everyday, doesn’t she?
We know nothing about him, do we?
You haven’t heard of him, have you?
4. 当句子为祈使句时,反问句一般用will you,表示请求或建议对方作某事,询问对方是否愿意。
注:当祈使句为Let’s ...结构时,用shall we 反问。
Drive more slowly, will you?
Let’s walk out of the library quietly, shall we?
5. 回答:看陈述句的肯定部分,当事实为肯定时,用Yes;事实为否定时,用No。
当陈述句为否定句时,把否定部分忽略,只看肯定部分的意思。
Module 6
过去进行时
1. 基本概念
表示在过去某一具体时间内的某一持续性行为,即过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。
常和表示过去时间的词组或从句连用。
2. 基本结构:be动词的过去式was/were+现在分词
即:was/were+doing
was用于第一人称及第三人称单数,were用于第二人称及复数。
3. 基本句型
肯定式:was/were + doing
I/She/He was working on the farm from 2 o’clock to 4 o’clock.
2点到4点我/她/他一直都在农场里干活。
否定式:was/were + not+ doing
I/She/He wasn’t working on the farm from 2 o’clock to 4 o’clock.
2点到4点我/她/他并不在农场里干活。
疑问式:把was/were放于句首。
—Were you/they working on the farm from 2 o’clock to 4 o’clock?
2点到4点你/你们/他们一直都在农场里干活吗?
—Yes, I was./Yes, we/they were.
是的,我/我们/他们在干活。
—No, I wasn’t./No, we/they weren’t.
不是,我/我们/他们并没有在干活。
时间状语:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
4. 基本用法
(1)表示过去某时间正在进行的动作或持续的行为,常和表过去的时间状语连用。
I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.
昨天的这个时候我正在做作业。
(2)可用来为另一个动作的发生提供背景。表示背景的句子通常用过去进行时,而另一个句子则用一般过去时。
He hurt his leg when he was riding a bike.
他在骑车时把腿摔坏了。
5. 现在进行时和过去进行时的区别
表示说话时正在进行的动作用现在进行时。
I am writing a letter now.
Look! They are waiting for you.
We are working on a farm now.
Listen! Someone is knocking at the door.
Lucy isn’t reading at the moment.
Where are they? They are running outside.

表示过去某时正在进行的动作要用过去进行时。
My parents were watching TV at 8:30 yesterday evening.
I wasn’t doing my homework when he called me.
6. 一般过去时和过去进行时的区别
相同点:两者都表示过去发生的动作。
不同点:
过去时表示过去一个完成的动作。
过去进行时表示过去正在进行的动作,可能没有完成。
e.g. He read a book last night.
昨天晚上他读了一本书。(读完了)
He was reading a story book last night.
昨天晚上他正在读故事书。(还没有读完)
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